CO2 Monitoring Platform

An offshore carbon capture and storage monitoring, measurement, verification, and response solution to support long-term integrity of carbon capture and storage developments.

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A precise carbon monitoring solution

Offshore carbon capture and storage is an important technology that will be essential for supporting our global transition to net zero. Critical to the success of offshore carbon capture and storage will be the ability to guarantee the performance of the storage formation, and to prevent leakage back into the water column. 

We’ve developed a complete CO2 monitoring solution for offshore carbon capture and storage that uses field-proven technology to provide you with the confidence that your storage sites are performing as expected, against baseline engineering and seismic data, during and post CO2 injection. This, combined with our patent pending approach to long-term site integrity, will provide a further measure of security by alerting engineers to any actual CO2 leaks into the water column long during and after the injection process has been completed. 

  • Provides early indicators of potential leakage, supporting proactive mitigation measures to be implemented  
  • Detection of leakage and its source, supporting early reactive repairs to be implemented 
  • Provides long-term monitoring throughout the entire CO2 storage reservoir, for the lifetime of the facility 

Our unique combination of a data buoy, stretch mooring cable and subsea structure has created a standalone system that can host: 

  • A varied range of sensors that require power, telemetry, and data transmission between the seabed and surface 
  • Self-powered via solar or wave, equipped with backup surface batteries for easy maintenance and inspection 
  • Satellite data telemetry system that can send back data to any location worldwide 
  • Stretch mooring cable provides power & data, eliminating entanglement and reducing watch circles and seabed scour 
  • Remote sensor nodes to cover an entire storage site and/or areas of special interest such as pockmarks and abandoned wells 

Subsurface repeat seismic

Permanently installed shallow bore hole fibre optic arrays can be the first line of defence and provide evidence that the storage site is performing as expected against the baseline engineering and seismic data, during and post CO2 injection. The CO2 plume can be tracked, and its migration within the formation compared against predictions and storage site expectations. Should any deviations arise, it allows for proactive measures to be taken against potential leakage. Such as reducing, redirecting or stopping the injection process before a problem manifests into a leak into the water column. 

We run a process of: 

Our vessel-based installation system and process provides a simple and low-cost way of installing the fibre optic bore hole arrays.

We provide the power and telemetry platform for 3rd party fibre optic seismic sensors and interrogators.

Seismic surveys can be performed prior to CO2 injection at the storage site to present a baseline understanding of how the site performs.

Repeat seismic surveys can be performed to track the CO2 plume within the formation, throughout the injection process and after it has ceased.

It is then possible to review seismic data to track the plume as it migrates through the formation.

Measurement data is collected, confirmed,  and then sent back onshore via a satellite or mobile network where scientific data analysis reviews can  take place against the baseline plan.

If the CO2 plume is not migrating through the formation as planned or enters weak spots at higher concentrations than expected, injection rates can be adjusted or stopped whilst the situation is investigated.

Dissolved Gas

The addition of dissolved gas sensors (potentially at the same remote node location) offers a further measure of security, alerting engineers to actual CO2 leaks into the water column via a reactive alarm system. This patent-pending approach enables meaningful analysis of location and magnitude of a leak as dissolved gas data is combined with current velocity, direction as well as data from other nodes.

We run a process of:

Prior to our subsea sensor array being deployed, a pre-site survey and baselining will be conducted to determine the current levels of dissolved gasses, currents and seasonal variations at the site.

Using an engineered solution based on the subsea sensors’ continual monitoring takes place. The baseline ensures any changes are due to a leak rather than seasonal fluctuations.

Sensors can detect and measure low levels of dissolved gas combined with other data points (or sensors such as PH) to determine the magnitude and location of a leak to the water column.

Collected data is then sent back onshore via a satellite or mobile network where an automated scientific data analysis review takes place.

If a leak is detected, a lightweight fast boat/ROV mounted additional sensor can be deployed to further investigate and diagnose any alert prior to instigation of leakage solution.

We know every offshore carbon capture and storage project is unique and so our monitoring metrics can be customised to also track water acidity, salinity levels and more to safeguard the site and react at the first sign CO2 is leaking. 

This assures our clients, industry and society, that offshore carbon capture and storage solutions are built with long-term integrity in mind. 

Aquaterra Energy’s offshore carbon capture and storage monitoring proposition: 

  • Subsurface proactive mitigation  
  • Water column reactive alarm   
  • Designed with long-term asset integrity in mind 
  • Rapid onshore data analysis 
  • Fast response following changes in data results 

Get in touch with an expert to find out more.

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